Officer Fatigue Essay -- Police Departments, Moonlighting

Officer fatigueOfficer fatigue can be a quite serious fuss for police departments. Excess fatigue will generally reduce alertness, decrease performance and worsen mood. These symptoms can reduce officers performance and safety with potentially austere effects. Patrol officers are expected to remain alert and able to resolve complex, emotional, and potentially dangerous situations. They are expected to be able to multi-task, as well up as stay alert during periods of inaction. These activities can be quite difficult for a fatigued officer to complete (Vila 1996). Community oriented policing efforts can be seriously compromised by officer fatigue with excess officer fatigue harming community-police relations (Vila & Taiji 1999). In several cases, the result of officer fatigue has been fatal both for the officer and for civilians involved in fatigue related incidents (Vila & Kenney 2002). There is not standardised or regulated method of controlling the time officers spend works as th ere is for pilots and truck drivers. As much(prenominal), limited only be department policies, many officers will work enormous amounts of extra hours in extra time or moonlighting. There have been reports of officers in both Florida and Massachusetts working up 3,000 additional hours per year (Vila & Kenney 2002). In a study of the Jacksonville, Florida police department, the absolute majority of officers were found to be moonlighting. Most of these officers moonlighted for ten hour or less per week. A number though worked over sixty additional hours per week, leading to mediocre work weeks exceeding 100 hours. At the time, the department did not any polices restricting moonlighting hours. The then recently elected sheriff, reported planning to change this polic... ...ict of interest. darn less likely to occur, a police officer moonlighting in certain medical fields or in some religious roles could conceivable occasion similar conflicts.Moonlighting officers will generally onl y respond to activity within their employers property. Many police state that they would intervene in some crimes such as robberies even if occurred outside their employed area, but said that they would leave around crimes to on-duty officers (Stewart 1985). This creates a situation that is both theoretically problematic and potentially perverting to the agencys image. To the public, there is no reason why an apparently working officer in uniform should not be responding to ongoing vicious activity. The public sees only an officer not responding to a crime, the fact that they are actually moonlighting at the time and are not on-duty is lost on most people.

Sesame Street’s Big Bird and Shakespeare’s Caliban :: Tempest essays

Sesame Streets Big Bird and Shakespeares Caliban Caliban...takes shape beneath the curtain call of wonder that moves throughout the play between creatures and mankind, between animate beings in general and their realization in the form of humanity. Is he man or tilt? creature or person? (Lupton, 3).Although in The Tempest the word creature appears nowhere in conjunction with Caliban himself, his character is everywhere hedged in and held up by the politic-theological category of the creaturely (Lupton, 3).A freckled whelp, hag-born (1.2.285).Legged like a man, and his fins like arms (2.2.31-32).I shall laugh myself to death at this puppy-headed monster (2.2.146-147).A howling monster, a drunken monster (2.2.179).This is as strange thing as eer I looked on (5.1.292-293).He is as disproportioned in his manners /As in his shape (5.1.294-295).He is a poetic paradigm. When performed properly, he can take an audience from tears of laughter to tears of mournfulness within a few parag raphs. Caliban is an actors dream, a scholars vision. Sighted as being both the missing link, but alike portrayed in adaptations as more than human than Prospero, Caliban is commentary, character and caricature. However, there is a question that plagues authors, directors, actors, and stressed out, indignant English professors What is Caliban? Many books, articles, updates, adaptations, and arguments tackle this question. together we will confront these demons, I will lead you down a path, present arguments, ideas, my own bias, but in the end leave you to answer the restrain question of Shakespeares man-monster Four pictures taken from different productions and different collections of The Tempest illustrate how diverse Caliban is. Each one has a unique view of who or, more precisely, what Caliban is. They progress in an order, from pure beast, through something less to someone almost resembling a man. The pictures lead us on a progression from something entirely stolid to something else entirely. The first image demonstrates the best description of Caliban, a creature that slightly resembles a man and slightly does not. Throughout Shakespeares text, no character refers to Caliban as a man. The other characters describe him as the indescribable. As Alonso says, This is a strange thing as eer I / looked on (5.1.292-293).One of the most common terms used in The Tempest to acknowledge Caliban is moon-calf. The Oxford English Dictionary defines moon-calf as A misshapen birth, a monstrosity.

New Leadership in Indonesia and Singapure Essays -- International Gove

The emerging ball-shapedized world brings with it new global threats. Various forms of advancement have made the threat of terrorism a global threat. As a result, leaders of democratic states have been forced to work together to contain such threats. This root examines the extent to which the Indonesian leadership innovation from 2004 to 2009 affected security policy relations with Singapore. First, this paper takes a brief look at the new leadership transition of Indonesia and Singapore in 2004. Second, this paper examines whether the new leadership was able to strengthened regional security through the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). New leaders in Southeast AsiaThe form 2004 was of significant change not only for Indonesia, but also for Singapore. Both, Indonesia and Singapore, went trough a leadership change in 2004, which allowed them to realign their relationship and interest in the region. On August 12, Lee Hsien Loong was sworn in as Singapores third prime minister since independence. Lee Hsien Loong preceded Goh Chok Tongs 14-year leadership. Lee had abundant been expected to have some sort of leadership because his father, Lee Kuan Yew, was Singapores first prime minister. More notably on October 20, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, was sworn in as Indonesias sixth president since independence. Mr. Yudhoyono was the fourth president in six years, but was the first directly elected president since the fall of prexy Suharto in 1998. The leadership transition of 2004 is crucial to understanding foreign relations between Indonesia and SIngapore because it laid the platform from which they could renew, strengthen, and expand their regional ideals. In the airstream of the 1997 Asian financial crisis, Singapo... ...nd Southeast Asia Australia, the U.S., and ASEANsCounter-Terror Strategy. Asian Survey 48, no. 4 (July/August 2008) 626-649. Chow, Jonathan T. ASEAN Counterterrorism Cooperation since 9/11. Asian Survey 45, no. 2(March/April 2005 ) 302-321. Febrica, Senia. Securitizing terrorism in Southeast Asia Accounting for the VaryingResponses of Singapore and Indonesia. Asian Survey 50, no. 3 (May/June 2010) 569-590.Kassim, Yang Razali. Transition Politics in Southeast Asia Dynamics of Leadership Changeand Succession in Indonesia and Malaysia. Singapore Marshall Cavendish, 2005.Lee, Kuan Yew. The United States, Iraq, and the War on Terror A Singaporean Perspective.Foreign Affairs 86, no. 1 (January/February 2007) 2-7. Narine, Shaun. ASEAN and the Management of Regional Security. Pacific Affairs 71, no. 2(Summer, 1998) 195-214.

Americas Abortion Debate Essay -- Abortion

Abortion is one of the most controversial issues in the United States today. According to oxford dictionary, miscarriage is the deliberate depot of a human pregnancy, most often performed during the first 28 weeks. The two factions involved in this controversy are poles apart in their views on abortion where as the pro-choice movement contends that a womans right to abortion is absolute, the pro- flavor movement asserts that a fetuss right to life is indisputable. The argument has become very pronounced since the U.S Supreme Court ruling in the year 1973 in Roe V. Wade, which legalized abortion. According to the ruling, a womans right to abortion outweighed the rights of a nonviable fetus and prohibited the State interference. In addition to the fact that pro-choicers have always praised Roe for recognizing that a womans right to control her body is more important than a fetuss right to life, this idea is also supported by distinguishable organizations such as Alan Guttmatcher In stitute (AGI) whose mission is to protect the reproductive choices of all women and men in the United States and throughout the world. (Par 1) While some people bank that abortion is immoral others argue that it is a womans right to have full control of her body. A typical pro-life believer argues that fetuses posses a characteristic such as a genetic code that is both necessary and sufficient for being human. This idea is mostly propagated by the principle of the roman letters Catholic Church In 1995 Pope John Paul II officially condemned abortion in his Evangelium Vitae, calling it a villainous crime that kills an frank human being (Knapp Pg 16) and supported by many fundamentalist protestants groups, though not by majority of Catholics an... ...ciples, the pro-choice position is certainly not simply wrong. Consequently, when abortion advocates try to make the argument more or less probable, they call for pro-life citizens to completely cease from bringing the legitimate idea of exemption to life for the purpose of protecting the unborn from harm, these abortion-choice supporters are by so doing encouraging their fellow pro-choice citizens to silently and politely remain firm that the unborn are not fully fledged members of the human community therefore are not entitled to protection by the state. To the opponent of abortion, this request but seems tolerant or liberating. Works CitedFrancis J. Beckwith Defending Life A Moral and Legal Case Against Abortion Choice. New York Cambridge University Press, 2007.Lynette Knapp The Abortion Controversy San Diego Greenhaven Press, 2001

Prince William :: essays research papers

Prince William tries to live a normal life, but being royalty makesit just too hard (Morton, Diana Her accredited Story, 79). "He is the mostfascinating person of 1997," says Walters (Unknown, Facts on PrinceWilliam, 1). Prince William lives an active life where he deals withdisappointments of the past, but family members help him deal with thefuture.In Paddington, London William was born at St. Marys Hospital (Gilmer,The Royal Archive, 1). Prince William Arthur Phillip Louis MountbattenWindsor (Prince William) was born on the twenty-first of June in 1982 atapproximately 903 PM (1). When the young boy first arrived, QueenElizabeth II said at the hospital, "Thank goodness he hasnt ears ilkhis father" (Morton, Diana Her True Story, 79). The birth of this childwas glorious for he would one day master Whales. The title of this princewould be known as either King William 5th of the House of the Windsor orKing William 5th of the House of Spencer (Holdon, "Will Willi am ever beKing" Newsweek 47).This Prince averaging 62", weighing 140-145 pounds, with sandy blondehair and hazel eyes is everything a girl could dream (Gilmer 1). Of themany hobbies and sports the Prince loves to do, he mostly enjoysshooting, skiing, rafting, rowing on the Thanes River, and swimming(Gilmer 2). Another hobby of Williams is painting (2). Many peoplesay he is really good at it (2). Also, in his free time he watches asmuch TV as possible so that he can stay informed of the world around him(2). This young love is a Cancer although his Birthday is borderlinebetween Gemini and Cancer, but the sun moved into cancer at 523 PMUnited earth Time. Therefore, Since he was born at 903 PM that makeshim a cancer (Unknown 2, Prince William Fact sheet 2). There are manyfoods and drinks that William has taken a like to such as pasta,hamburgers, chocolate, venison, fruit salads, poached eggs from hens onhis fathers estate, coke, and red wine (Gilmer 2). His Uncle EarlSpencer sa ys that his characters are very different from the publicimage (Morton 149). "The press wealthy person always written up William is theterror and Harry as the rather quiet second son (149). He also has ablack Labrador retriever named wigeon (Unknown 1). Oh and also girlsthis man is able to marry anyone he chooses as long as his lovinggrandma approves of her first (Gilmer 2). Not only do you fork out to gothrough his grandmother, but also they hold all his mail back so that he

Prince William :: essays research papers

Prince William tries to live a normal life, but being royalty makesit expert too hard (Morton, Diana Her True Story, 79). "He is the mostfascinating person of 1997," says Walters (Unknown, Facts on PrinceWilliam, 1). Prince William lives an active life where he deals withdisappointments of the past, but family members help him deal with thefuture.In Paddington, London William was born at St. Marys Hospital (Gilmer,The Royal Archive, 1). Prince William Arthur Phillip Louis MountbattenWindsor (Prince William) was born on the twenty-first of June in 1982 atapproximately 903 PM (1). When the young son first arrived, QueenElizabeth II said at the hospital, "Thank goodness he hasnt ears likehis father" (Morton, Diana Her True Story, 79). The birth of this childwas glorious for he would one day rule Whales. The title of this princewould be known as either King William 5th of the post of the Windsor orKing William 5th of the House of Spencer (Holdon, "Will William ever beKing" Newsweek 47).This Prince averaging 62", weighing 140-145 pounds, with sandy blondehair and hazel eyes is everything a girl could dream (Gilmer 1). Of the many a(prenominal) hobbies and sports the Prince loves to do, he mostly enjoysshooting, skiing, rafting, rowing on the Thanes River, and swimming(Gilmer 2). Another hobby of Williams is painting (2). Many peoplesay he is really good at it (2). Also, in his free time he watches asmuch TV as possible so that he can stay informed of the world rough him(2). This young love is a Cancer although his Birthday is borderlinebetween Gemini and Cancer, but the sun moved into cancer at 523 PMUnited Kingdom Time. Therefore, Since he was born at 903 PM that makeshim a cancer (Unknown 2, Prince William Fact sheet 2). There are manyfoods and drinks that William has taken a like to such as pasta,hamburgers, chocolate, venison, fruit salads, poached eggs from hens onhis fathers estate, coke, and red wine (Gilmer 2). His Uncle EarlS pencer says that his characters are very different from the in the public eye(predicate)image (Morton 149). "The press have always written up William is theterror and Harry as the rather quiet second son (149). He also has ablack Labrador retriever named Widgeon (Unknown 1). Oh and also girlsthis man is able to marry anyone he chooses as long as his lovinggrandma approves of her first (Gilmer 2). not only do you have to gothrough his grandmother, but also they hold all his mail back so that he

Assignment 2: Moments of Truth: Global Executives Talk About the Challenges That Shaped Them as Leaders

Assignment 2 Moments of truth Global Executives talk about the challenges that shaped them as draws Looking at the some issues that top level managers had to endure in ensuring that their perspective organization is successful is a very important factor in determining how effective they would be as attracters and decision makers. Below are issues that patroned to shape them as leaders and helped them to overcome challenges faced within their various organizations. HumilityThe issue of lowliness is that when a person is in a leadership position he/she has to convey the ability to look at things in their own perspective and be about to accept the suggestions, ideas, proposals from other people. Listening to your subordinates as well as your peers is a important factor in humility, by realizing that you as a leader work for the company and its people. Energy If the leader in an organization does not acquit the energy or the reason for the success of the organization, the employe es will not have the energy or drive for the success of the organization.Leaders have to lead from the front by introducing innovative ideas to keep the company fresh and vibrant. This will help to infuse the employees with the same concepts and keep the entrepreneurial spirit alive. Intuition Many time when you fatality to take the organization into a new era of growth, this whitethorn be through an idea that you know in your gut will be a good move for the company. Sometimes as leaders you whitethorn not get the support from your endeavor from many areas of your organization, but as a leader you should take in the advice of your peers and subordinates and make informed decisions on what you should do.In many cases you may feel that no matter what this idea will be best course of action for your organization and despite all advice to the setback you proceed on with your idea. Listening is very important in leadership as it allows you to understand the information that is given to you and allows you to make informed decisions on what it is you want to accomplish. Vision Leaders have to have vision in order to be different from the rest and create new business functions within the organization.If you as a leader dont have a vision for your particular field, you wont be able to create the innovation that will allow for proximo growth in the company. Looking at the market and keep an eye oning what it is lacking and building upon existing or creating new functions to fill that gap is important to proximo growth. Perspective Having the vision to look ahead and anticipate whats coming is very important to growth and change of an organization. As the situation changes in the world almost the organization, so should the organization.Leaders have to understand the environment in which they live in to full understand the global environment. If you are a leader that doesnt see the world as an ever changing entity then you and your organization are destined to fail . The global marketplace is constantly changing so you may not have the same employees conducting the same functions as in the past. Leaders have to understand this to continually move their companies forward. Passion Leaders have to have passionateness about what they are doing.The introduction of new products and business functions are important to organizations. If the leaders are not passionate about what he/she is doing then the discover is doomed to fail. Even as many of your peers in the industry feel that it is a waste of time, you should have the passion to see it through. Conviction CEOs of organizations often have to make the tough decisions and many times these decisions are not received well by other members of the organization.What these CEOs have to do is look at what their huge term goals are for the organization and have the conviction to see it through. Many times they have to do this despite everything that is being suggested by members of his/her team and decl ining avail margins of the company. Seeing it through to the end is a very important trait for a leader, as it shows other members in the organization that their leaders has the foresight and drive to see a project through to the end. LearningEveryone has the ability to learn and it doesnt stop once you are the leader of an organization. Leaders must be able to learn from the various mistakes that they make and make the organization stronger for it. The ability to listen to your subordinates and peers will help to make a well rounded leader that is capable of leading teams to be very successful. Leaders must take all the lessons that they learn to heart and apply those lessons to help create change or help to improve the existing functions of teams and organizations alike.

Nike and Adidas Compare and Contrast Essay

Nike and Adidas Compargon and contrast essay Both Nike and Adidas are sportswear companies whose products throughout legion(predicate) parts of the world are very popular and make been the top two leading sport companies in the sport industry. The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast Nike and Adidas companies in terms of headquarters, market focus, sponsorships, marketing and advertising, hurt and product. Nike is an international U. S. -American sportswear manufacturers.It was founded by Bill Bowerman in the year 1972 and the slogan is Just Do It. On the other hand, Adidas is a worldwide sportwears manufacturer found in Germany and founded by Adolf Dassler on 18 August 1949. The slogan is Impossible is nothing. These two companies sell and offer a wide range of products for the customers and their products offered is primarily on sports wear for men and women. These companies similarly provide the customers varieties of footwear such as sports shoes, casual shoes, b oots, sandals and stockings.While they are selling similar products, Nike products are more(prenominal) expensive than Adidas because allNikebrand hashighand advancetechnology. Nike and Adidas have also been the top sponsors in the sport industry. Nike promotes its products by sponsorship agreements with celebrity athletes, professional teams and college athletic teams. In contrast, Adidas sponsors professional soccer, tennis, general athletics with mainly clothing. In terms of market focus, Retail is a key focus for Nike in connecting with consumers, both online and in store.Whereas, Adidas are European market focus because Europe is the birthplace of Adidas with a long tradition of domination in the marketplace. In conclusion, Nike and Adidas are both famous sports brand, nation usually tend to compare them to each other and got a finally choice but I think price is a vital broker that influences consumers to make the final decision. Our behaviors proved that the products do va lue for money. Nike and Adidas Compare and Contrast Essay Submitted by Miss Sudarat Doungbanthao Submitted to Aj. Emilyn R. Orlain Draft no. 2 Date. Friday, 23 declination 2011At present, in the market we have many products launch everyday and the advertisement cant let the consumer know all new products unattached but I dont think it is true. In fact, the advertisement is a way to let consumer know what is new, different or available and also provides a useful information for shoppers in order to make the product known in the market. According to housewife Tanai Cohen, There are too many new products on the market and it is impossible to find out about them without advertisements. Besides, I like trying new products Miss Sudarat Doungbanthao 523080937-1

Vacant Chapter 12 Waiting

I knock, but theres no answer. I let myself in and Im immediately relieved to see Emilys things still somewhat the house, including her bedding on the couch. Remorse creeps back into my chest as I judge close to the numerous times Ive tried to convince Emily to memorize my room my bed but she never has.I kneel exhaust on the floor in front of the sofa to worship the scent linger in the sheets. She always smells like baby powder, the cheap off brand they sell at the Dollar Tree, but regardless of the price, it smells like heaven to me. I close my eyes and enjoy her essence while also promising myself to buy her name-brand lotion. No more generic.The shouting startles me awake.I dont cargon Get the mother-fucking money. I dont pay you to lose my shit Then I hear the unmistakable sound of a fist meeting flesh. My blood runs cold as I wonder if its Emily beside door. The thought hits me like the fist from next door What has she done to get money for herself?Ive had creationy ne ighbors while Ive lived here. Its to be expected, as the downtrodden are a transient population. That unit was empty when.when I left, so I hadnt thought about a new tenant. I also hadnt figured on undesirables moving in. Id never worried about my safety, but now I construct to think of Emilys safety and protection. This is no place for her.I hear a feminine scream amid the sounds of skin being struck and I know its not my girl. I know what her scream sounds like after a roamer infestation and thats not it. Its not Emily.Get up, PuntaI hear more ramblings and shouts in Spanish the female cries in response. All I can think is, Thank God its not Emily. But it is someone someones daughter, sister, or friend. I do the only thing I can. I call the police and let them handle it. While Ive read heroic tales of men saving the day, its not safe or practical in this case. Its very likely that the monster next door has a weapon, and Im no good to protect Emily if Im dead. The cops come and go quickly. The woman refuses to press charges, but the man is escorted off the property with a pattern not to return. Hell be back, though.They always are.My thoughts drift to moving to a better neighborhood, but then I realize I may not have a job because Im a complete coward who left for a week without calling his boss itll be a miracle if Im not fired. How will I paying back care of Emily without a job? Im an idiot. God, how did I fuck this up so badly?I dial Margies number and her cheerful greeting relaxes me a bit. Hey, Marge, its Ethan. easy hey, Sugarplum. How was your vacation? She knows I wasnt on vacation, and I try to discern if there is sarcasm in her voice, but I cant seem to detect any.Margie, I wasnt on vacation.Sure you were, kid. Its on the schedule I approved it myself. Theres paperwork and everything. The owners are glad you finally took some time off. You had more than three weeks coming to you. It makes them nervous that youve never taken a day off in five ye ars.Im confused and my silence must confirm this to my manager. So, are you coming in tomorrow? Im down a cashier and could use ya.Cashier? Im a back of the house guy. The make sure theres always chips on the display guy low man on the grocery store food chain.Uhhhh is my incoherent reply.Its time you take on more responsibility, kiddo. You have that pretty girl to take care of.She knows. She knows about Emily. How does she know?Ill see you tomorrow, Ethan.Im left holding the phone wondering what the hell is going on.

Martin Luther King -Research Paper Essay

ABSTRACTCountless individuals energize been haveing for racial justice throughout history. Some are well known and approximately impart never be known. The individuals here are neither the most important nor the best known they are simply some representative figures that we possess chosen in hopes that their stories may inspire others. Most of the individuals listed here were active in the United States, but the movement against racial discrimination is being-wide. There were some(prenominal) a(prenominal) leaders in the civil rights jumble, but Martin Luther male monarch was more than just the most conspicuous and eloquent among them. The present paper is an attempt to look into the social struggle backed by intense racial discrimination. The paper will alike try to understand the role and contribution of dandy leaders towards the eradication and departure of racial inequality. This paper is an attempt to analyze the role of Dr. Martin Luther faggot younger and his s truggle for a more liberal society specific bothy for the black community. groundingTime and again great citizenry fork over taken birth on planet to safeguard hu worldly concern lives from devastation, both, natural and humanmade. Many social evils have taken a heavy toll and have cost human lives. The most afflicting was untouchability practiced in India. In the similar time frame the world saw slavery and the racial tensions between the black and the whites. A few leaders that emerged as an icon in history and contributed in the eradication of racism are Nelson Mandela, Mahatma Gandhi, Abraham Lincoln, John F Kennedy, Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar, Martin Luther King Jr.,Mother Teresa and a few more to name. Most of the individuals listed here were active in the United States, but the movement against racism is world-wide. What would the civic Rights Movement be without the brave men and women who fought for equal rights? These leaders dedicated their lives to ending slavery, segrega tion, and unfair treatment. unmatchable such person who rose as a national icon in the history of modern American liberalism, an African American civil rights leader and is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience is Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.For his contribution in the context of non-violence struggle he was titled as the American Gandhi. Martin Luther King previously known as Michael Luther was born in Atlanta, Georgia, in the year of 1929. He was brought up in a religious home, his bring was a pastor. Martin followed in his dads footsteps and was ordained and became a minister of a Baptist church in the city Montgomery, Alabama. Montgomery was a place of great racism in the South. Dr. King saw this racism and felt something needed to be dvirtuoso. As for him being the newly elected president of the Montgomery service Association (MIA).He felt he needed to do something, so in 1955, December 1, when Rosa Parks didnt give up h er base on the bus for a white passenger and was arrested. Martin made the decision to organize a boycott against the bus transportation. This is where the great leadership that Martin Luther King Jr. started. Although King was only thirty-nine at the time of his death, his life was remarkable for the ways it reflected and inspired so many of the twentieth centurys study intellectual, cultural, and political developments. This paper will try to elaborate on, King, as a personality, the influence of Gandhis ideologies on his life, his achievements as an Orator by analyzing few of the many speeches delivered by him and How effective he was as a leader?METHODOLOGYA lot of writings has already been written on this subject. Much of it has been brush aside considering the fact that no appropriate evidences were collected. (However, the present paper is an attempt to understand, evaluate and analyze the contribution made by Dr. Martin Luther King to eradicate the evils of racial inequa lity. swell leaders have discussed and debated their views in symposia held from time to time, many of which have also appeared in several publications. Over the last thirty years, considerable volume of literature has grown on the subject of racial inequality and some of the salient opinions expressed by various leaders are presented.Primary and Secondary sources will be utilised during this research. Books, articles in journals and certain web grades will be utilize as secondary sources. This research will be predominantly narrative and uninflected in nature. This paper is also a modest attempt to fill in the gap of what has already been written and the global understanding of this issue. Primary Sources have been collected from http//www.thekingcenter.org/archive/theme/4758DISCUSSIONThis discussion includes three main aspects of Kings personality i.e. King as a Leader, King As an orator and his storied I have a dream speech and the influence of Gandhis ideologies on Kings li fe.KING AS A LEADERWhat defines an excellent leader? Is Leadership someone that can think creatively or can solve problems? Is a leader someone that knows what it takes to be a leader and to lead a group, or is it someone that sets goals for themselves and/or for the group. One could ponder these questions for a very long time but in that respect is no true definition for leader or leadership. But you can look at multitude and decide if they are a good leader, by what outcomes they arrive at, the way they inspire commonwealth, and the qualities that they poses. All of these aspects are in one of the greatest leaders of all times and that would be, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. This man is one to be admired and sought to be like. The leadership that King pictures is, not to be afraid of anything, to stand up for your people, to stand up for the right of your people, and ultimately to adjure with nonviolence for your people. King took action against segregation from that day, to hi s death. By taking action I mean that he formed many organizations one of which was southern Christian Leadership Conference, which allowed him to pursue other civil rights activities.This grew to be nationwide and allowed Martin L. King to help his people through his leadership skills. He set goals for himself and for his people. The goals he set for himself was that I will not rest until all black men, women, children are empty of segregation. Which meant he would not rest until all his people were free and would do anything to help them have their freedom? The goals he set for his people were of independence, integrating, and to have their freedom. By setting these goals it shows that King is a great leader. I feel you have to set goals to accomplish your task. By him setting these goals everyone is on the same track, and the people are looking to achieve the same goals and dreams. Which he showed his dreams when he gave the speech at Washington The I Have a Dream speech. Mart in Luther King shows great leadership by his demonstrations of non-violence acts all of his organizations all the speeches he gave and all the letters he wrote. Through this it shows he is a man of intelligence, determination, also integrity.I say intelligence because in his demonstrations, if he would have fought back he and many others would have been killed or seriously injured and it would be his fault and he would have let his people down. So by using his reason he was able to show that the use of violence would result in violence. Not the fact that the demonstration was about the Civil Rights and the desegregation of Blacks. He also showed his intelligence by the letters and the speeches he wrote. The one that was the most inspirational was the I Have a Dream speech which is elaborated in the ulterior part of this discussion. This speech touched so many people. It changed the way many people thought about blacks. With the words of Martin Luther King he helped to get desegreg ation in the Southern states of Mississippi, Alabama, Carolina, Georgia etc just throw his leadership skills and his motivational words that ring money box this day. King showed his determination through getting impel in jail, being hit with sticks, fists, and being called a Niger.All of which hurt him but he would not let that stop him from getting his people free using non-violence and He did not want to show he was scared of the white community he wanted to show his people no fear. So he faced these obstacles head on and didnt back down. He showed his dedication and determination to achieve his goals and the goals of his people and to show no fear, and to flummox his people feel no fear in the white community. By this Blacks became unafraid of white and helped them get there desegregation. Martin showed his integrity by taking responsibility for his actions, shown by him going to jail and by him being beat up or even killed. This man inspires confidence in others because he ca n be swear to do what he says he will do. King says he will fight until freedom rings that mean that he will fight till freedom rings, in which he did. He showed the most integrity when he was killed. He showed that he would give is life to have desegregation and to have his people have their freedom from all whites.INFLUENCE OF GANDHI ON KINGS LIFEAn event that played as an integral part of his life was his determine to India in 1959 as he increased his understanding of Gandhian ideas during his month-long visit sponsored by the American Friends Service Committee. With Coretta and MIA historian Lawrence D. Reddick in tow, King meet with many Indian leaders, including Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. Writing after his return, King stated, I left India more convinced than ever before that non-violent resistance is the most firm weapon available to oppressed people in their struggle for freedom Is it true that much of Martin Luther Kings success resulted from the passive resistance techniques proposed by Mahatma Gandhi? The answer is Yes, Both Gandhi and Martin Luther King used passive resistance to fight for social justice and equality but their individual use of it varies immensely. In the azoic 1900s, Gandhi inspired a successful nonviolence movement to end the British Raj in India. Gandhi strongly believed that nonviolence or Satyagraha was the most influential way to fight unjust laws and discrimination.Following Gandhis movement, in the late 1950s and 1960s was a similar movement sparked by Martin Luther King, Jr. King mimicked Gandhis use of Gandhis nonviolence for the purpose of liberating the discriminated black community in America. The most potent difference between the two leaders was their cause for employing nonviolence and the grisly situations and opposers they fought. In Gandhis era, he was battling the minority, but brutal force of the British Empire, but King fought the racial injustice and inequality that plagued American society, lurki ng on every street corner. Both tasks are no easy feat, but time and time again, one sees the tactic of nonviolence defeating even the most noble militia. Although Kings use of nonviolence is very similar to Gandhis, there are a few critical differences in how Gandhi executed Satyagraha compared to Dr. Kings use of adopted nonviolence because of the difference in situations that they were faced with.Since many of Kings tactics were based on Gandhis, the two influential leaders share a very similar viewpoint on nonviolent resistance including the use of tactics such as civil disobedience and noncooperation. Both leaders used the powerful nonviolent force to fight social injustices of their time. Their methods for successfully utilizing nonviolence were civil disobedience and noncooperation. In April 1930, Gandhi successfully lead the Salt run into from Sabarmati, and traveled over 240 miles to Dandi where thousands of Indians produced salt from their Ocean, defying the British salt monopoly.This act of civil disobedience was to combat the unjust law of British Salt taxes. Similarly, King lead civil disobedience demonstrations with tiffin counter sit-ins where black students would try to fight the unjust laws of segregation by sitting at an all white lunch counter. Gandhi also used noncooperation to boycott British.I HAVE A DREAM SPEECHKings ability to focus national attention on orchestrated confrontations with racist authorities, combined with his oration at the 1963 March on Washington, made him the most influential African-American spokesperson of the first half of the 1960s. Martin Luther King showed different types of leadership through his preaching, his I Have a Dream speech, boycotts, his marches, and his death. It is a 17-minute public speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered on August 28, 1963, in which he called for racial equality and an end to discrimination. The speech, from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington fo r Jobs and Freedom, was a defining moment of the American Civil Rights Movement.Delivered to over 200,000 civil rights supporters, the speech was ranked the top American speech of the 20th century by a 1999 poll of scholars of public address. Dr. King had the power, the ability, and the competency to transform those steps on the Lincoln Memorial into a monumental area that will invariably be recognized. By speaking the way he did, he educated, he inspired, he informed not just the people there, but people throughout America and unborn generations.All of these demonstrations show that he is the greatest leader of all time. He changed America, he changed segregation, he changed the way people think of people. All of his great qualities came in handy for him to be this great leader. To be remembered as a great man and leader ever to live and die doing what he believed in, and what he thought was right.KING AS AN ORTOR He is famous for his wisdom and persuasive speeches against segreg ation of African Americans. He accomplished his success mostly through speeches, but also through his written essays. Although, his speeches were intense and modify with much persuasion, Martin had a way with words when he wrote too. He analyzed statements and responded in an argumentative manner. He demonstrated this through persuasive statements, answering quotes from the community, and used a past leader as an example. Martin Luther King had a way with words. He simply expressed himself in a manner that the people could understand. One way this was proposed, he used persuasive wording in order to demonstrate his particular feeling of that certain topic. Not only did Martin persuade the readers and or listeners with words of wisdom, but he also used quotes, good or bad, to argue against segregation and to explain why it was unjust. Martins main goal was to make the public aware of the problems it faces every day. His answers provide a continuous void of satisfaction to the read ers naked eye, but filters those minds whos thoughts were garbled with lies of the community. Martin Luther King Jr. not only answered the community, but he used important men as examples. One of them being, the ever so famous, Adolf Hitler. He displayed courage and wisdom in high-minded form. Only, to prove his worth as a U.S. citizen and his worth to his community. Martin Luther King Jr. truly was a magnificent and remarkable man. No matter what the people threw at him he had an answer for it. He used persuasive thoughts and words of wisdom in such a way that he will be remembered as one of the most dominating leaders of his time.CONCLUSIONThis brings us to a conclusion that King was a great leader and a also man that will never be forgotten. This is because of all the good things that he has done for America and the Black population. No one will ever forget this man because of his hard work, determination, loyalty to his people, is loyalty to his work, the trust people shared in him, how intelligent he was to make the right decision on his movements and speeches. Martin Luther King is a very inspiring individual, a man that will show you what is right and how it is going to be when all is over. He is the kind of man that will show you his dreams, and show you how he is feeling. But when it comes down to everything he is on top. He hits every aspect of a not good but great leader. Your forever Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.REFRENCESPrimary Source http//www.thekingcenter.org/archive/theme/4758 Martin Luther King Jr. www.wikipedia.comPeter Lings examination on Kings leadership role during his campaign for peace and justice http//www.bbc.co.uk/history/recent/martin_luther_king_01.shtml Martin Luther King Jr. and the Global Freedom Struggle http//mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_martin_luther_king_jr_biography/ proportional study (Gandhi and king) http//socyberty.com/history/comparing-and-contrasting-gandhi-and-king/ixzz22p4VniYk Analysis of I have a dream speech, by By Stevie Edwards http//www.presentationmagazine.com/analysis-of-martin-luther-kings-i-have-a-dream-speech-8059.htm Fight Against Racism http//www.civilrightsmovement.co.uk/fight-against-racism.html Martin Luther King Jr. Historic site http//www.nps.gov/malu/index.htm

Fluke, or, I Know Why the Winged Whale Sings Chapter 19~20

CHAPTER NINETEENScooter Dont MeepThe goliath tossed homogeneous a roller coaster moving through tomato soup great gut-flopping waves of herculean motion. Quinn rolled to his hands and knees and urped his breakfast into a splatter pattern across the rubbery aged s force fall bulgedalise, then heaved in time with the rhythm of the titans swimming until he was empty and exhausted.Hurl patrol, came a voice push through of the dark.Flush and gush, boys, the doc blew b everyast fine here, came a nonher voice.Quinn rolled onto his bottom and scooted away from the voices until he came against a bulkhead, which was warm and moist and gave at his touch. He felt huge muscles moving behind the kowtow and unairedly jumped. He scooted away, then sat balled up near where hed been charnel. Cold sea piddle rolled down from the drift of the whale and everyplace his feet, taking his recently vacated breakfast with it. His ears popped with a compress increase, and in a s awayh the weewee was gone.The interior of the whale looked like a bad van conversion done by a latex freak damp, rubbery skin everyplace everything, lit by a light drab haze coming from the eyes up front, the rest dimly lit by light strips of green that ran over the top of the teardrop-shaped chamber. At the front of the chamber, on either side by the eyes, two things sat in seats that wrapped well-nigh their bodies. Quinn didnt know what they were, and his listen felt as if it were ripping open trying to grasp the whole of the government agency. Details like nonhuman humanoids decked surface in gray skin couldnt register enough space in his consciousness to be examined or analyzed. In f work, he could keep his eyes open for only a few seconds before the nausea returned.Inside the whale smelled like fish.Standing, or sort of standing riding was a more than appropriate term, as everything inner the whale was moving behind the seated creatures were two men, one ab issue forty, th e other twenty-five, both barefoot that wearing military khakis without insignias or any badges of rank, only the older man was obviously in command. Quinn had tried for five minutes to ask them the questions coming into his mind, but each time he undefended his mouth, he had to stop himself from throwing up. Hed always considered himself pretty seaworthy until now.What? he managed to beat back hold of out before his gorge rose again.It really helps with the incredulity if you accept that youre dead, ordain the older man.Im dead?I didnt say that, but if you accept that you are, it sort of quells the anxiety.Yeah, if youre already dead, what bad can really happen? state the younger guy. then I am dead?Nope. Breathe and go with the motion, said the older guy. Its not going to stop, so if you fight it, youll lose.Your lunch, added the young guy, and then he acknowledge loose a giggle at his own joke.Theres less motion toward the front. The head tracks close to level. bare ly you knew that.Quinn hadnt been able to apply any of his analytical plys to the situation because he flat couldnt accept it. Yes, in another world he realized that he knew that the whales head would leave less motion than the tail, but hed neer even considered that he might be holding slightly it from the perspective of an internal organ.Im inside a whale?Ding, ding, ding, hes gotten the bonus answer. The young guy leaned approve against the rearward of the seat where one of the gray creatures was sitting, and a chairlike protrusion rose out of the floor to catch him. Tell him what hes won, Captain.Hospitality, Poe. Help the doctor up to the front so we can talk without him tossing his cookies.The younger guy helped Quinn to his feet and across the undulating floor to the chair thing that had risen behind one of the gray creatures facing the brook of the ship. Once close to the creatures, Quinn couldnt take his eyes off them. They were humanoid, in that they had two arms, two legs, a torso, and a head, but their heads were like that of a pilot whale, with a large melon in the front for transmitting and receiving sound underwater, Quinn guessed and their eyes were set wide to the side, so the creatures would see with binocular vision. Their hands were inserted into consoles that rose out of the floor and appeared to have no instrumentation whatsoever except for some bioluminescent nodules that looked like cloudy eyeballs and emitted different colors of light. The creatures appeared as if they had be go into sort of the whale.We squawk them the whaley boys, the older man said. They pilot the whale.The one directly behind you is Scooter, the other one is Skippy. Say hi, guys.The creatures turned as far as the chairs would allow them and made clicking and squeaking noises, then seemed to make a face at Quinn. While smiling they showed mouthfuls of sharp, peglike teeth. With the teeth set against their dark gray skins and the melon above, the wha ley boys put Quinn in mind of more cheerful versions of the creature from the Alien movies. Scooter saluted Nate with a hand consisting of four very long webbed fingers and only the suggestion of a thumb.They say hi, said Poe. Im Poe. This is Captain Poynter. Poynter, the older man, tipped his hat and offered a hand to shake. Quinn took it and waggled it limply.The whaley boys dont speak English as we know it, Poe said, although they have a few squeaks that come out like words. Theyre tapped directly in to the whales nervous system. They steer it, control all the processes at any given time. We cant do much on the whales without them. for certain could never drive one. The whales and the whaley boys are made for each other.Poe pushed against the back of Skippys seat, and another seat formed out of the floor to cradle him as he leaned back into it. I love that, Poe said.Poynter backed up to a rubbery bulkhead, and a seat formed out of the wall to catch him as well.If theyre paying a ttention, theyll never permit you fall. Poe grinned. Of course, al almost everything in here is soft child safe, dont you know except the spine, which runs over the top, so you wouldnt be hurt if you did fall. But just the same, were secured when theyre doing maneuvers. You think youre sick now wait until we go for a breach. Dont freak out. Poe turned to the whaley boys. Secure the doc, boys. The arms of the seat shape wrapped over Quinns lap. Parts came over his shoulders and fused across his chest, then around his hips and over his lap. Quinn freaked out.Get it off me Get it off me I cant breathePrepare for breach, said Poynter.Scooter chirped. Skippy grinned. interchangeable rest rain downts extruded from all their seats, securing them.The attitude of the whale changed, going up at a just about sixty-degree angle and then the angle went sharper as they moved. Quinn was looking backwards at the tail section of the teardrop interior. The lurching movement of the lum inescent strips was starting to nauseate him. He could feel his internal organs shifting with the acceleration, and then the whale ship went vertical and airborne. At the apex of the motion, Quinns stomach tried to escape through his diaphragm, then shifted as they fell sideways. There was an enormous concussion as the ship hit the water. Slowly the whale came back around, and they were horizontal again.The whaley boys chirped and clicked gleefully, grinning back at Quinn, then at each other, then back at Quinn, nodding as if to say, Was that cool, or what? Their necks were nearly as wide as their shoulders, and Quinn could see heavy muscles moving under the skin. They love that, said Poynter.I frame of like it, too, said Poe. Except when they go overboard and do twenty or thirty breaches in a row. Even I maintain sick when they do that. And the noise well, you hear it.Quinn shook his head, closed his eyes, then opened them again. The only way to deal with this experience was to a ccept it at face look on He was in a whale, one that was somehow being used as a submarine by human and nonhuman sentient creatures. Everything he knew no longer applied, but then again, maybe it did. What put him on the less loopy side of sanity was noticing the whaley boys chummy necks.Theyre amphibious, adept? Quinn asked Poynter. Their necks are thick to take the stress of swimming at high speeds? Quinn rose in his chair as far as the restraints would allow and saw that Scooter did hence have a blowhole just behind his melon. He was a humanoid whale, or a dolphin creature. Scooter was impossible. All of this was impossible. The details, not the stupendous picture, Quinn reminded himself. In the coarse picture in that respect be madness. Theyre like a whale/human hybrid, arent they?Which would be why we call them the whaley boys, said Poynter.Wait, are you accusing us of something? asked Poe. Because these guys are not the love children of us and some whales. We dont do t hat kind of thing.Well, there was that one time, said Poynter.Okay, yeah, just that one time, said Poe.But Quinn was studying Scooter, and Scooter was eyeing him right back. Although they appear to be able to turn their heads, like beluga whales. Their neck vertebrae probably arent fused like most whales. The scientist rising, Quinn was cheerful now, his fear taken away by curiosity. He was focused on finding out things, which was his home turf, even in this comp allowely unreal situation. If he focused on the details, the big picture wouldnt throw him over the edge into drooling lunacy.Lets ask them, said Poe. Scooter, are your vertebrae fused to accepther, or are you just a big, no-necked gray thug?Scooter turned his head to Poe and made a loud raspberry sound, spraying whaley spit all down the front of Poes khakis and change magnitude the odor of decaying fish in the cabin by a factor of ten.We dont know what they are, Dr. Quinn, said Captain Poynter. They were here when we got here, and we got here just like you did. Weve all been on this ride.Meep, said Skippy.I taught him that, said Poe.Thats from a Warner Brothers cartoon, Quinn said. Road Runner.No, that would be two meeps. Skippy only does one. Therefore, its original. Isnt that right, Skippy?Meep.For some reason the meep did it. Some minds, particularly those with a scientific bent, a love of truth and certainty, have limits to how much absurdity they can handle. And here Quinn found himself well over the limit.Skippy and Scooter and Poynter and Poe I cant handle it he screamed.He felt as if his mind were a rubber band being stretched to breaking, and the meep had tweaked it. He screamed until he could feel veins pulsing in his forehead.You let it out now, said Captain Poynter. Just go with it. Then, to Poe, You know, I wouldnt have thought the alliteration would have done it. You ever hear of that?Nope, I had an uncle who used to get nauseated at Readers Digest article titles you know, Terri ble Truths of Toxic Toe Jam but I thought it was more because he read them in the doctors mogul than the alliteration. You sure it wasnt the meep that did it?This cant be happening. This cant be happening, Quinn chanted. He was hyperventilating, and his vision had gone to a blur, his heart pounding like hed been running a sprint across an electrified floor. foreboding attack, said Poynter. He put his hand on Quinns forehead and spoke softly. Okay, Doc, heres the skinny. You are in a living ship that resembles a whale but is not a whale. There are two other guys aboard who have lived through this, so you can live through this. In addition, there are two guys who are not strictly human, but they wont hurt you. You are going to live and deal with this. This is real. You are not insane. Now, calm the do it down.And it was then that Poynter stepped back and Poe threw the bucket of cold seawater in Quinns face.Hey, Quinn said. He sputtered and blinked seawater out of his eyes.I told you to go with the dead thing, but you didnt listen, Poe said.Nothing had changed, but things, his heart, slowed down, and Quinn looked around. Where did that bucket come from? There was no bucket in here. There was energy but us. And where did you get the water?Poe held the bucket at ready. Youre sure youre okay? I dont want to freak you out again.Yeah. Im okay, said Quinn. And actually, he was. Hed decided to go with the idea that he was already dead, and that seemed to make everything fall into perspective. Im dead.Thats the spirit, said Poe. He held the bucket against a wall, and a small portal opened and sucked the bucket in. Quinn would have sworn there hadnt been any seams in the wall to indicate thered been an possibility there.Hey, said Poynter, taking on the tone of the deeply offended, now that youre dead, Ive got a bone to pick with you about not bringing me my sandwich.Quinn looked at the sharp features and contract eyes of the captain who now seemed genuinely angr y and a shiver ran through his body that had nothing to do with the cold seawater running out of his hair. Sorry, he said, shrugging as much as he could in the restraints.Damn it, how hard could that have been? Youve got a Ph.D. for Christs sake you cant get a fucking pastrami on rye? Ive got a good mind to chuck you out the anus.Shhhhhhhh, Cap, Poe said. That was gonna be a surprise.Meep, said Skippy.CHAPTER TWENTYMissing Biscuit,Flopping TunaBwana frame, you seen the Snowy Biscuit? clay and Clair sat on the lanai of Clays bungalow drinking mai-tais and watching smoke roll out the vents of a Weber kettle barbecue. Kona had his long board tucked underneath his arm and was heading for his Maui cruiser, a lime Krylon-over-rust 1975 BMW 2002, with no wrestleows and seats that were covered in ratty blankets.Clay was two mai-tais south of lucid, but he could excuse talk, She took Nates truck into town this morning. Havent seen her since.Sistah wanted me to teach her some surfing . Got some easy sets rolling on West Shore, good for that.Sorry, said Clay. Were smoking a big hunk of ahi tuna if youd like to join us.No, said Clair.Tanks, but Im going down to Lahaina town and see if I can find that Snowy Biscuit. We going to work tomorrow?Maybe, said Clay, trying to think through a rum cloud. Theyd pulled the Always Confused up out of the bottom of the harbor, and the boatyard had said it would be a week or so before it was ready to float again, although even then it would need some major cleaning. Still, they had Nates boat. He looked at Clair.Youre not sitting home tomorrow whining to me about your hangover, Clair said. You get out there on the water and be sick like a proper man. Shed rewrite her thoughts on Clays staying off the water. He was who he was.Yeah, plan on going out if its not too windy, Clay said. Hey, we supposed to have wind? It occurred to Clay that he hadnt checked the weather since Nate had disappeared.Calm morning, trades in the afternoon, Kona said. We can work. Tell Amy when you see her, okay. Take my cell phone with you. Call me when you find her. You sure you wont have dinner with us?No, said Clair.No, said Kona, grinning at Clair. Auntie, you embarrassed that Kona seen you naked? You look fine, yeah.Clair stood up. You go ahead, call me Auntie again, see if I dont snatch out the rest of those dreads and use them to make cat toys.Ease up, Im going to find the Biscuit. And he loped to the Beemer, slid the long board in through the back window, hooked the skeg over the passenger seat to secure it, and then drove off to Lahaina to look for Amy.It was two in the morning when the phone in Clays bungalow rang. Tell me youre not in jail, Clay said.Not in jail, Bwana Clay, but maybe you need to sit down.Im in bed sleeping, Kona. What?The truck, Bwana Nates truck. Its here at the kayak rental in Lahaina. They say Amy rent a kayak this morning, about eleven.Theyre still there?I waked the guy up.They dont know where she wen t? They let her go alone? He didnt call us when it got dark?She said she was just using it to tow behind the boat, for research. He know she a whale researcher, so he didnt think nothing of it. Sometime they take kayaks two, terce days.You checked? Shes not on the boat?You mean the not sunk one?Yes, that would be the one.Yeah, I check. The boat in the slip. No kayak.Stay there. Ill be down in a few minutes. I have to get dressed and call the Coast Guard.This kayak guy says it not on him she signed a wafer. That some kind of religious thing?Waiver, Kona, she signed a waiver. Are you high?Yes.Of course. Sorry. Okay, Ill be right there.Nate was three days inside the whale before he asked, Your names arent really Poynter and Poe, are they?What? said Poynter. Youre eaten by a giant whale ship and youre brainsick that we might be traveling under assumed names? Go for it, Poe.Give us a flush, boys Poe said.Water came gushing down the floor of the whale from the front. Pantsless, Ensi gn Poe took three steps and went into a slide toward the tail like he was sliding into third base on a wet rain tarp. As he reached the end of the chamber, he spread his arms out to his sides at right angles. There was a sucking sound, and he sank up to his armpits into an initiative that only a second ago had appeared as just an impression in solid skin.Wow, thats cold, said Poe. How deep are we?Scooter clicked and whistled a pit of times.Ninety feet, said Poynter. Cant be that bad.Feels colder. I think my nads have crawled up inside my body.Nate simply stared, gape-jawed, at the arms and head of the ensign, just above floor level.You see, Doc, said Poynter, most of the time we call it the back orifice instead of the anus, you know, because otherwise, with us moving in and out of it, theres implications. His lower body is in the sea right now, at three atmospheres, yet the back orifice is sealed around him and its not crushing his chest. Its not crushing your chest, is it, Poe?No , sir. Its snug for sure, but I can breathe.How is that possible? asked Nate.Youre a diver. Youve been down, what, a hundred and twenty, hundred and thirty feet?A hundred and fifty, by accident, but what does that have to do with this?You never had sphincter mishap at that depth, did you? Blow up like a puffer fish?No.Well, there you go, Nate. This here is just advanced poop- bound technology. We dont even understand it ourselves, but its the key to sanitation on these small ships, and its how we get in and out. Normally the mouth on these humpback ships doesnt even open, which gives us a lot more room, but this one was made specially to retrieve Dirts. Thats you people.Made? By whom? Of course they were made. Nothing like this could have evolved.Later, said Poynter. Poe, you done?Aye, aye, Captain.Get back in here.Mighty cold out here, sir. Im telling you, my tackles going to look like Im posing for a baby picture.Im sure the doc will take that into account, Poe.Nate could feel a slight change in pressure in his ears, and Poe oozed back into the whale. The orifice sealed behind him, leaving almost no water on the floor. The ensign sidled, crablike, to the front of the ship, shielding his privates with his hands. He retrieved his pants from a storage nook that opened with a flap of skin like the blowhole on a killer whale. The whales interior was lined with the storage nooks, but you couldnt even see the seams by the dim bioluminescence when they were closed.Youre going to learn how to do that, Nate. Its just the civilized thing to do until we enchant you to the blue. Cant have you doing your business in the ship.When hed had to go to the bathroom, theyd sent Nate to the back of the whale, where hed gone on the floor. Seconds later the whaley boys had let a bit of water in through a crack in the mouth, which washed across the floor and effectively flushed the mess out the back orifice.The blue? Nate asked.Yeah, we cant take you where they want you in this li ttle thing. Well transfer you to a blue and send you on. Youll have to go through the poop chutes.So theres a blue-whale ship as well?Ships, Poynter corrected. Yeah, and other species, too.Right whales are my favorites, Poe said. Slower than hell, but really wide. Plenty of room. Youll see.So they the whaley boys can regulate the pressure that precisely? They can let in water, expel it, keep the pressure in here from giving us the bends? Allow us to transfer from one of these ships to another?Yep, theyre tapped in to the whale directly. Theyre like his cerebral cortex, I guess. The whale ships have a brain, but that only takes care of autonomic functions. Allows it to act like a whale for hours on end diving, breathing, stuff like that. But without one of the whaley boys tapped in, theyre just dumb machines, limited function. The pilots control higher functions gliding and such. They really show off their stuff in these humpbacks the breaching, the singing, you know. This thing sings? Nate couldnt help himself. He wanted to hear a whale sing from the inside.Of course it sings. You heard it sing.Since Nate had been on, the only sound the whale ship had made was the beating of its enormous flukes and the explosive blow every ten minutes or so.I abominate it when they sing, said Poe.Whats the purpose of the song? Nate asked. He didnt care who these guys were or what they were doing. He now had the opportunity to get the answer to a question hed pursued for most of his adult life. Why do they sing?Because we tell them to, said Poynter. Whyd you think?No. Its not right. Nate buried his face in his hands. Kidnapped by morons.Scooter let loose with a series of frantic chirps. The whaley boy was staring out the eye into the blue Pacific.School of tuna outside, said Poe.Go, Scooter, said Poynter. Go get some.The restraints retracted from around Scooters waist, and the creature stood up for the first time since Nate had come on board. He was taller than Nate, maybe six-six, with lean gray legs that looked like those of a giant bullfrog crossbred with a fullback and terminated in long, webbed feet that resembled the rear flippers of a walrus. Scooter took three quick steps and dove at the floor in the back of the whale. There was a whooshing sound, and he disappeared, headfirst, through the back orifice, which sealed behind him with a distinct pop.Poe stepped into the seat that Scooter had vacated and looked out through the eye. Nate, check this out. Watch how these guys hunt.Nate looked out the whales eye and saw Scooters lithe form swim by at incredible speed, darting back and forth with dumfounding agility in pursuit of a twenty-pound tuna.In the water the whaley boys eyes no longer bugged out as they did inside the whale. Like whales and dolphins, Nate realized, whaley boys feature muscles that could actually change the shape of the eye for focusing in either air or water. Scooter did a rapid turn and snatched the tuna in his j aws not ten feet from the eye of the whale. Nate could hear the snap and saw blood in the water around Scooters mouth.Yes said Poe. Its sashimi tonight.Nate had eaten nothing but raw fish since hed been on board the whale ship, but this was the first time hed seen it caught. Still, he couldnt quite share Poes enthusiasm. Is this all you eat? Raw fish?It beats the alternatives, said Poe. The whale carries a nutrient paste thats like krill puree.Oh, my God, said Nate.Poynter leaned in close to Nate, so he was only inches from the scientists ear. Thus the somewhat substantial expect for culinary variety, as in oh, I dont know a pastrami on ryeI said I was sorry, Nate muttered.Yeah, right.Drop me off anywhere. Ill go get you one.We dont land these things on shore.You dont?Except to paint bite me on the flukes, said Poe.Yeah, except for that, said Poynter.Skippy meeped as Scooter scooted in through the poop chute with tuna in hand. Upon seeing the pilots entrance, Nate started thi nking, for the first time since hed been eaten, about how to escape.This is just stupid, Amy thought. Shed been paddling like a madwoman for four hours and was still barely halfway to Molokai. Shed been past the line of descent wind line for two of those four hours and so battled four-foot swells and a crosswind that threatened to take her out to sea.Who gives GPS coordinates for a meeting? Who does business like that? Shed been shouting into the wind on and off for an hour, then checking the little liquid-crystal map on the display of the GPS receiver. The you are here dot never seemed to move. Well, that wasnt true. If she paused from paddling to take a drink of water or apply some sunscreen, the dot seemed to jump off course a mile at a time.Are you guys on drugs? she screamed into the wind.Her shoulders ached, and shed drunk nearly all of the two-liter bottle of water shed brought with her. She started to regret not having brought along some kind of snack. An easy paddle. Just rent a kayak. You wont need a power boat. Im adrift on a piece of Tupperware, you nitwitsShe leaned back on the kayak to catch her breath and watched the direction and speed indicators change on the GPS. She could rest maybe five minutes without drifting too far. She closed her eyes and let the swells rock her into a light doze. It was quiet, just the white noise of wind and water, not even a slap of waves on the kayak she was so light that it rode high in the water and over the tops of the waves without a sound. She thought about Nate, about how frightened he must have been in those last moments, about how much shed started to enjoy working with him. Action nerd. She smiled to herself, a melancholy smile as she dozed off, but then the sound of a fusillade of bubbles breaking the surface near the kayak jolted her to alertness. It was a huge expulsion of air, as if someone had set off an explosion deep under the water.She started paddling away from the eruptions of bubbles, but ev en as she moved, the sea began to darken around her, the crystal blue turning to shadow in a huge pool under the kayak. Then something hit the little boat, tossing Amy into the air twenty feet before she hit the water and the darkness surrounded her.

Capital Punishment in the United States Essay

Have you ever thought about if the person sitting next to you is a manslayer? If he is, what would you want from the government if he had killed someone you know? He should receive the finale penalisation Murderers and other major offenders should be punished for the crimes they swallow committed and should pay the price for what they rich person done. Having the death penalty in our society is humane. It helps with overcrowding and gives relief to the families of the victims, who had to go through an event such as murder.You whitethorn not see it as that big of a deal, but the families of the victims of these criminals have to live every day knowing that while their family member is dead, this criminal is passive well and living. Usually people just want to look past this problem because they are not in the position of the families of the murder victims, but you indispensability to look at it through the eyes of these families. Until we stop just letting these things slide, t hey will continue to happen. The death penalty has been around since the time of Jesus Christ. Executions have been recorded from the 1600s to present times. From about 1620, the executions by year increased in the US. It has been a steady increase up until the 1930s later the death penalty dropped to zero in the 1970s and then again rose steadily.US citizens said that the death penalty was unconstitutional because it was believed that it was cruel and unusual punishment (Amnesty International). In the 1970s, the executions by year dropped between zero and one then started to rise again in the 1980s. In the year 2000, there were nearly one degree centigrade executions in the US. On June 29, 1972, the death penalty was suspended because the existing laws were no longer convincing. However, four years after this occurred, several cases came about in Georgia, Florida, and Texas where lawyers cherished the death penalty. This set new laws in these states and later the Supreme Court de cided that the death penalty was constitutional under the Eighth Amendment.There as well has been the problem of overcrowding in prisons and jails. Some people say that this is a problem but having more jails strengthened will solve this problem. Having more prisons or jails built may help solve the problem but the death penalty effectively stops draining more money from the taxpayers to give these murderers a home. These murderers detect three warm meals a day they do nothing all day, and have a place to sleep just because the taxpayers fund these facilities. Murderers on death row do not deserve to get a place to stay. They deserve to have their lives taken for the crimes that they have committed.

Econmet Paper

Christian benedick B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN A Study on the Effect of pomposity, Net Income, and power Use to the fossil Fuel Consumption in the Philippines An empiric Paper Presented to The Faculty of the School of Economics De La S all in alle University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in ECONMET Submitted by Christian benedick B. Arga 11027614 Submitted to Dr. Cesar Rufino December 14, 2012 1 Christian benedick B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN Table of Contents entryway I. II. III. IV. Background of the Study Statement of the Problem Objectives of the Study Scope and LimitationsReview of Related Literature I. II. III. Inflation Net Income Energy Use Operational Framework I. II. Variable Descriptions A-Priori Expectations Methodology I. II. Data Gathered Model Specifications a posteriori Results and Interpretation I. II. Variable Analysis Critical Assumptions 2 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN 1. Multicollinearity 2. Homoscedasticity 3. Non-auto coefficient of corre lation Remedial Measures and Adjusted Estimated Econometric Model I. II. Remedial Measures Adjusted Econometric Model Conclusions and Recommendations Bibliography Data Presentation 3 Christian Benedict B.ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN Introduction I. Background of the Study In this empirical paper, the researcher aims to k now the effects of give the axe income, inflation and expertness use on the function of fogy displaces in the country. This working class go away allow the student to use various econometric concepts and a variety of tastes to determine the factors that lead allow him a concrete preliminary on the subject. Fossil burn quite a little as defined by Encyclopedia Britannica is any of a class of materials of biological origin occurring indoors the Earths crust that enkindle be used as a source of energy. It is a hydrocarbon ending natural resource that is not acquired from plants or animals. Fossil arouse is a general term for buried combustible geologic deposit s of organic materials, formed from decayed plants and animals that take in been converted to crude oil, coal, natural gas, or heavy oils by exposure to heat and pressure in the earths crust over hundreds of millions of years. The depletion of fogy fuel has been an underlying problem in our economy. Unlike energy coming from hydroelectric power plants or windmills, the energy acquired from fogey fuel cannot be renewed and is gone forever. Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN II. Statement of the Problem As said earlier, dodo fuel is a non-renewable energy source. All countries in the world are trying their best to conserve their respective resources. The problem in this empirical project is that whether various factors such as inflation, net income, and energy use of the country has an effect on its wasting disease of fossil fuels. III. Objectives of the Study There are various objectives to this study. First is to find out whether inflation, net income, and energy use has an effect on a countrys consumption on fossil fuels.Second, is to prepare the readers of this paper which of the self-employed person proteans affects the consumption of fossil fuel the most. And lastly, this paper aims to apply the various lessons learned in class to show the effects of the chosen variables on the fossil fuel consumption. 5 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN IV. Scope and Limitations The data stack uped that was used in this project was limited and only allowed the researcher to gather up to 35 observations because some variables lack values for previous years. Because of this reason, the sample size is relatively small and cannot be compared to other countries for reference.Review of Related Literature I. Inflation Inflation is defined by Investopedia, as the rate at which the general level of prices for slap-ups and services is rising, and, subsequently, purchasing power is falling. Central banks attempt to stop arrant(a) inflation, along with sev ere deflation, in an attempt to economise the excessive growth of prices to a minimum. Inflation has affected the rate of many products at which they are polishd. For this project, we will find out if inflation has an effect on the consumption of fossil fuels. We want to find out if people would 6Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN consume more than or less if the prices of fossil fuel has been affected by inflation. II. Net Income Net income, as learned in the students business subjects, is the money odd after subtracting expenses and other deductibles like taxes and interest to the total revenue. We will observe if net income has an effect on fossil fuel consumption. Maybe, a higher net income whitethorn lead the consumer to consume more or perhaps, a lower net income may get the consumer to find other sources of energy which may be cheaper than fossil fuel. III. Energy UseFossil fuel burning powers our vehicles and industries, heats and cools our buildings, and runs ap pliances. It also produces electricity that we use for all sorts of purposes, such as lights and computers. This is quite obvious because as we consume more energy, the more fossil fuel we burn and vice versa. 7 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN Operational Framework I. Variable Description The model will contain the following components, the hooked variable and the item-by-item variables. The independent variables are those that are exogenous in nature. It is not affected by any variable contained within the model.The dependent variable, on the other hand, is endogenous in nature. It is affected by all the independent variables in the model. For this project, there will be three independent variables namely inflation, netincome, and energy while the dependent variable will be fossil. Table 1 Variable Description This is the independent variable. This is the fossil fossil fuel consumption of the Philippines from the years 1977 until 2011. It is expressed in percentage. 8 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN This is a dependent This is GDP variable. cardd inflation by the deflator from 1977 up to 2011.This variable is expressed in the annual percentage. This is a dependent is the variable. This yearly total income of our country from 1977 until netincome 2011. We can see that the data has ostracize values. This is due to the data be in BoP expressed in US$. This is a dependent is the variable. energy yearly This energy of from the 1977 consumption Philippines until 2011. This variable 9 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN is expressed in kilotonnes. II. A-Priori Expectations The A-Priori is a smart justification before actual testing and analysis is done with the data. effrontery that the fossil fuel onsumption is the dependent/endogenous variable, we will take a look at the relationship of this with the independent/exogenous variables. This will be presented in the table below Table 2 A-Priori Expectations Endogenous Variable fos sil Exogenous Variable Relationship Reason As inflation goes up, the prices of fossil fuel goes up too therefore, the consumption of fossil fuel will be reduced. People will try to find cheaper sources of energy and maybe renewable ones are a good try. inflation negative 10 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN netincome overbearing energy positiveAs netincome increases, there will be more money to spend therefore it may affect the consumption of fossil fuel positively. People will tend to debauch more goods like food which requires electricity to cook. As energy consumption goes up, there will be more and more fossil fuel that will be consumed. Most of the worlds energy source comes from fossil fuels. Therefore, as people tend to consume more energy, more fossil fuel is going to be burned up. Methodology I. Data Gathered The data gathered has been acquired from the databank of the World Banks website. The data is from the Philippines dating back from 1977 until 2011.There ar e a total of 35 observations. This is due to the reason that some of the variables lack data from 1976 and further back. So to keep the consistency of this project, only 35 observations per variable has been used. This is to ensure that the 11 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN data is frank and comparable to each other. Presented in the table below is the data summary from Stata12 II. Model Specifications The regression model to be formed will be based on intuition, economic theories, conducted studies and research materials related to the objectives of this paper.The independent variables chosen will all be affecting the dependent variable, profits, proportionately therefore, it is appropriate to use the lin-lin model or the linear-linear model. The directd econometric model based on the A-priori expectations would look like this fossil=? 1 +? 2 inflation+? 3 netincome+? 4 energy+U i 12 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN Empirical Results and Interpretation I. Es timated Econometric Model The summarization table earlier confirms that there are truly a total of thirty-five observations for each variable.The data can therefore be regressed and is comparable for there are equal numbers of observations per variable included in the estimated model. However, in order to determine the individual plowshare of each variable, the values should be in terms of the same building block of measurement. The model has been transformed into the Log-Log model so that the data is comparable to each other. Stata12 generated the deficient values. Using the Ordinary Least Squares regression functionality of Stata12, the following table has been generated which will lead us to acquire our estimated econometric model 13 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614AE-FIN The estimated model is now fossil=-2. 324895. 0168192inflation+. 0182493netincome+. 5711335energy+U i From doing the Ordinary Least Squares regression, we are actually looking at the p-values and the r-squ ared values. The pvalue will tell us the consequence of the variable while the r-squared will tell us the explanatory ability. The significant parameters in the data are the netincome, energy, and the constant. We could say that these parameters are significant because when the p-value generated by Stata12 is generated by two, the p value falls below the required value of 0. 05. The r-squared of the data is at 0. 349 or 93. 49%. This tells us that this data explains that the data is a good fit for the real world because it explains 93. 49% of the real world model. II. Variable Analysis Given the independent variable, fossil, and the independent variables, it is given that for e actually 1 unit increase in inflation, fossil fuel consumption would go down by 0. 0168912%. This gives inflation a negative relationship with fossil fuel consumption and 14 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN thus matches with our A-priori expectation. Next, for every 1 unit increase in net income, f ossil fuel consumption will go up by 0. 182493%. This satisfies our A-priori expectation that net income has a positive relationship with fossil fuel consumption. Energy is also proven to give a positive relationship with fossil fuel consumption. This is given by its coefficient of 0. 5711335. So this means that for every 1 unit increase in energy use, fossil fuel consumption goes up by 0. 5711335% which also satisfies our Apriori expectation. Now for the constant, which has a coefficient of 2. 324895, tells us that if nothing happens with inflation, net income, and energy use, fossil fuel consumption til now goes down by 2. 324895%.Although it is a fantasy that there will nothing happen with inflation, net income, and energy, there may be missing factors which were not included in this project. III. Critical Assumptions Classical linear regression models (CLRM) work three critical assumptions ? non-multicollinearity, homoscedasticity and nonautocorrelation. Violations of these wi ll each give up an unfavorable, unreliable and inaccurate outcome for the estimated model. It is for these reasons that the preceding(prenominal) interpretation of the 15 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN model could not be used yet to conclude anything regarding the consumption of fossil fuel. . Multicollinearity, as defined by Penn State University, is an event whenever two or more of the predictors in a regression model are moderately or highly correlated. To test for multicollinearity, the Variable-Inflating cipher will be used. Shown below is the result generated by Stata12 There is multicollinearity within the model if the Mean Variance-Inflating Factor is greater than 10. From the result generated by Stata12, the Mean VIF is 1. 08. This value is very far from 10 therefore, the model does not possess the problem for multicollinearity. 2.Homoscedasticity Homoscedasticity means that the disagreement around the regression line is constant for all X values. Heterosceda sticity are most commonly present in cross-section data. When 16 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN heteroscedasticity is present, OLS is no longer the best linear unbiased estimate therefore, violation of this assumption is a far graver problem than the violation of non-multicollinearity. The researcher used Stata12 to test for homoscedasticity. Using the variables above for the test, Stata12 gave the result as follows Given that our H o P-Value (one-tailed) 0. 5 constant variance and H A P-Value (one-tailed) 0. 05 non-constant variance, Stata12 yielded a p-value of 0. 3693. Because the pvalue that was acquired is greater than 0. 05, we accept the null hypothesis which states that our OLS has a constant variance and thus, is not suffering from heteroscedasticity. 3. Non-autocorrelation Another critical assumption of the CLRM is non- autocorrelation. Autocorrelation is the correlation between the past and present value of the data. This violation is commonly 17 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN present in time series data because of the sluggishness of economic variables.The presence of autocorrelation will result to OLS not being the best linear unbiased estimate, although it is still unbiased, constant, asymptotically normal and sufficient. Rsquared are overestimated, t-values F-values and x 2 are all wrong, all leading to counter-intuitive signs. The root cause of all these errors will be coming from the standard errors being underestimated. This will result to wrong policy implementation and misleading inferences. For this, the researcher used the Breusch-Godfrey LM test for autocorrelation. The result can be seen below Given that our H o P-Value (one-tailed) 0. 5 no serial correlation and H A P-Value (one-tailed) 0. 05 with serial correlation, Stata12 yielded a p-value of 0. 1119 which is greater than 0. 05 thus, we accept the null hypothesis that there is no serial correlation in the model. Although the data has been tested throu gh the BreuschGodfrey LM test for autocorrelation, we still need to test it 18 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN furthermore but now through the Durbin-Watson d statistic test. The Breusch-Godfrey test has been done first because it is preferred by statisticians for auto correlation testing.Now for the results of the Durbin-Watson The result for the Durbin-Watson yielded a value of 0. 6512995. As learned through the course, autocorrelation exists if the result is close to 0 or 4. The model possesses positive autocorrelation if the yielded d is close to 0. On the other hand, if d is closer to 4, the model experiences a negative autocorrelation. For the model to be autocorrelation free, the yielded d must be closer to 2 than 0 or 4. In this case, Stata12 returned a result which is closer to 0 which tells us that autocorrelation exists in the model.Because the assumption of no autocorrelation was violated, we must correct this by implementing curative measures. 19 Christian B enedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN Remedial Measures and Adjusted Estimated Econometric Model I. Remedial Measure Because the model was tested with positive autocorrelation above, a remedial measure is needed to be implemented to correct this. For this problem, it will be corrected through the use of the Prais-Winsten estimation. It is a procedure meant to take care of the serial correlation of type AR(1) in a linear model.It is a modification of CochraneOrcutt estimation in the sense that it does not lose the first observation and leads to more expertness as a result. Stata12 could also apply this method whenever autocorrelation is detected through the Durbin-Watson testing. The results are as follows 20 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN After the application of the Prais-Winsten estimation, we acquired a transformed Durbin-Watson statistic of 1. 206692. This value is closer to 2 compared to the original DW statistic of 0. 651299. Having this result, we can now safely say th at the model now is autocorrelation free.II. Adjusted Econometric Model With the doing of the Prais-Winsten, the r-squared and the set r-squared has changed together with the coefficients of the variables. With the transformed r-squared of 0. 9994, it has improved from the previous r-squared of 0. 9349. This means that the model now explains 99. 94% of the real world variance. Because of the Prais-Winsten transformation, we acquired new coefficients and thus we have our adjusted econometric model fossil=-2. 956624. 0344159inflation+. 0145774netincome+. 6412211energy+U i The same concept still applies with our previous econometric model.The relationships between the dependent variable and the independent variables oasist changed so that means that it still meets our A-priori expectation. 21 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN Conclusion and Recommendations Now that the model with fossil fuel consumption as its dependent variable inflation, net income, and energy use as its independent variables, has now been empirically tested and that the concepts and skills that have been learned in class have been applied, it is now time to supply in the conclusions and recommendations about the subject matter.Fossil fuel as said earlier is a non-renewable source of energy. Once that it has been burned up, it can never be acquired again. Unlike hydroelectric and wind energy sources, these are easily renewable through the resources provided by Mother Nature. Also, the burning of fossil fuel restoration the ozone layer and increases the amount of greenhouse gases. It has been proven earlier that the A-priori expectations have been met. First Id like to discuss the relationship of inflation and fossil fuel consumption. It is said above that fossil fuel consumption and inflation have a negative relationship.This means that whenever inflation goes up, the consumption of fossil fuel goes down. If the orbicular economy wants to reduce the consumption of this non-renewab le energy source and encourage people to turn to other sources of energy other than this, taking advantage of the inflation may be a good idea. If fossil fuels prices like oil and coal have gone up due to the inflation, people may find it practical to switch to other sources of energy like solar, wind, or geothermal heat. 22 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN Fossil fuel consumption and net income has been proven to have a positive relationship.This is because whenever the net income of a household increases, they can afford more goods such as food and electric dependent devices which consumes more fossil fuel. If the net income on the other hand goes down, the consumption of fossil fuel also goes down. This is due to the fact that people tend to consume less when their income is lower. They buy less food and other goods which consume fossil fuel to be utilized. Energy use also has a positive relationship with the consumption of fossil fuel. Today, very few have switched to the use of renewable energy.There are very few houses that have solar panels to power up their household. Some industrial organizations have windmills and large solar panels that power up their buildings and machineries. But even though these alternative sources are more eco-friendly, it comes with a very large price tag. It is very expensive to switch to renewable energy sources than just plainly using fossil fuel for power. So this means that the more a household or organization use energy, more and more fossil fuel is burned and consumed. Fossil fuel is the most reliable source of energy today.If for example, a plastered country would want to reduce its fossil fuel consumption, they can implement laws like to increase the taxes on fossil fuel so that people would be forced to switch to other energy resources. The use of fossil 23 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN fuel hasnt really been a win for our planet. animated fossil fuels release greenhouse gases which lead to t he depletion of the ozone layer. Aside from this, fossil fuel may someday be burnt out completely. Embracing other sources of energy which may be safe for the environment may be a good thing because fossil fuel will not last for a very, very long time. 4 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN Bibliography Gujarati, D. , &Porter, D. (2009). Basic econometrics. Singapore McGrawHill/Irwin. Damassa, T. (n. d. ). Fossil Fuel Consumption and its Implications World Resources Institute. World Resources Institute Global Warming, climate Change, Ecosystems, Sustainable Markets, Good 2, Governance 2012, & the from Environment. Retrieved December http//www. wri. org/stories/2006/11/fossil-fuel-consumption-and-itsimplications Data The World Bank. (n. d. ). Data The World Bank. Retrieved November 30, 2012, from http//data. worldbank. rg/ Fossil Fuels and Energy Use. (n. d. ). B. C. Air Quality Home. Retrieved December 9, 2012, from http//www. bcairquality. ca/101/fossil-fuels. html Foss il Department of Energy. (n. d. ). Energy. gov Department of Energy. Retrieved December 5, 2012, from http//energy. gov/science- innovation/energy-sources/fossil 25 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 11027614 AE-FIN Data Presentation Year 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Fossil fuel energy consumption (% of total) 55. 31347732 54. 8931033 53. 78592188 49. 29623659 45. 48943701 43. 37568802 44. 38229089 35. 31123038 35. 76117547 36. 35431158 40. 26445038 41. 63311248 42. 63808088 43. 43920259 44. 68749999 48. 64714575 49. 75059198 52. 18039963 55. 84399353 56. 88793876 58. 26781808 56. 4225028 53. 69666356 53. 57196521 54. 87855853 56. 41898661 57. 72775356 56. 78790726 58. 16262043 56. 49811715 56. 71572428 57. 1050697 Inflation, GDP deflator (annual %) 8. 272875998 9. 331739787 14. 83954359 14. 24994909 11. 70313893 8. 701224356 14. 22188106 53. 3359576 17. 63285 991 2. 952878059 7. 4981921 9. 647022877 9. 033063566 12. 97128127 16. 268799 7. 932658326 6. 832158129 9. 991314599 7. 550870238 7. 661037838 6. 224392022 22. 38172301 6. 585053049 5. 709799946 5. 54947782 4. 162229818 3. 201335984 5. 516871 5. 828020679 4. 949030524 3. 090323839 7. 549059634 Net income (BoP, current US$) -125000000 -118000000 -206000000 -420000000 -503000000 -1021000000 -836000000 -1449000000 -1300000000 -1301000000 -1190000000 -1185000000 -1349000000 -872000000 -500000000 445000000 924000000 1850000000 3662000000 3282000000 4681000000 3769000000 -1062000000 -30000000 -57000000 -430000000 -287000000 -74000000 -298000000 -1261000000 -899000000 105000000 26Energy use (kT) 20161. 985 20500. 008 21698. 546 22748. 27 22856. 792 23462. 731 25453. 089 22902. 456 24008. 288 24091. 214 25209. 039 26593. 306 27975. 579 28891. 831 28878. 767 30215. 561 30233. 992 32369. 158 33981. 925 35217. 379 37071. 776 38075. 904 39044. 627 40423. 602 38777. 981 39300. 931 39385. 191 391 52. 811 39178. 35 38848. 861 38142. 364 39605. 368 Christian Benedict B. ARGA 2009 2010 2011 57. 04278229 57. 04278229 57. 04278229 2. 773246711 4. 222388865 4. 246089114 11027614 -193000000 505000000 1293000000 38842. 497 38842. 497 38842. 497 AE-FIN 27

Greenlawn Commercial Package Business Essay

So, eventhough some signifi senst cost such as lease expense, service techs, fertilizer be and overhead costs have reducingd, the decrease in revenues repayable to the decrease in applications leave only a 1% contribution leeway vs a 13% contribution in the before scenario. 3- Personal recommendation. It appears to me that the organization has already indicated that it wishes to back Amy Carter and the biologic engineering and environment vision. Calling Amy the divisions thought leader. This new era project is a hat trick for the division and is the vision for Greenlawns future.If the organization loses revenue in the short term, when can they expect to breakeven with the current revenues of the ten million. The expectation is that revenues will decrease to six million, but will because be capable of growing the customer base, whereby replacing the revenue lost by changing to the progress new generation of products that are easier to apply, have lower costs and more importantl y environmentally friendly. This environmentally friendly approach to Greenlawns business will keep the company at the cutting progress of technology in its field.Maintaining its status and reputation as the nations largest lawn-care and landscape-services company. I would recommend every keeping it the same as before with the revenues at ten million, or reducing the fertilizer costs and selling the new generation of products in order to gain more customers. If more customers are gained due to environmentally friendly process than the revenues and contribution margin will increase. Should the organization change, they can expect a short term reduction in revenue, with the likeliness of long term sustainability for generations to come.

Economic questions Essay

1. It has to do with game theory. In the pris mavinrs dilemma, two suspects atomic number 18 taken by the police and to each one told sepa pass judgmently that they can gain their freedom by testifying against each other. If neither testifies, they each forget serve a six months sentence. If one testifies the other stays silent, the one will go free and the other will serve 10 yrs. If both testify because both will serve 5 yrs. The best thing is for both to be silent, merely the more(prenominal) likely scenario is that each, fearful of a long sentence, bails on the other and nobody wins. In frugals it is the investors hoping to sit down the high flyers into the New Year the best outcome is for nobody to sell. Most years, that is how it works and year revoke rallies leave everyone satisfied.2. Economic theory. Through regulation is the best way market failure or externalities argon dealt with when they are harmful to society. Externality is an economic side effect. They are the costs or emoluments that come from economic activities that affect others than the individuals that re engaged in the economic activities. Some solutions are negative- measurees, positive-subsidy.3. Sources of income in a capitalist scrimping would be their property rights that entitle them to earn a profit for the use of their capital as risk in some form of economic activity. They would be related through tote by human capital. The knowledge and skill acquired by labor through education and labor.4. The rate is determined by a percentage of its turnover or sales.5. Investment is something investors decide how much they will spend on new enthronisation. Example Producers have to decide whether to replace used up or obsolete machinery, whether to gallop production these costs will become an investment that in turn should make them money. There are four principal determinants of autonomous investment, the level of technology, rate of interest, expectation of future economi c addition and the rate of capacity utilization.6. With an equilibrium price. The price that equates quantity involveed to quality supplied. If any disturbance from that price occurs, excess demand or excess put out emerges to drive price back to equilibrium.7. The classical view of how our economy behaves is this If the economy were left on its own without the interference of government or the Fed. It would move towards an equilibrium rate of growth that would produce with only minor interruptions, full employment without inflation. This hands off rests upon two simple propositions active market, one that all markets are basically competitive and two, all prices are flexible upward and descending(prenominal) approaching equilibrium. Unemployment is only a temporary condition caused by wage rates climbing preceding(prenominal) the equilibrium rate. A shift in the extraction curves is the economys rate of unemployment and rate of inflation.8. Supply-side economists accentuate the importance of reducing tax rates. They accept the Keynesian idea that overturn tax rates will increase letr demand, but they believe a more important consequence is the added incentive it provides suppliers. For example lower corporate tax rates increase after tax profit, which induces suppliers to increase core supply. Lower income tax rates encourage more people to work longer, adding as well to aggregate supply.9. Savings mechanically converts to investment so that investment induced growth is dependent on saving.10. The division of labor into specialise activities that allow individuals to be more productive. The idea that labor productivity is a function of the course of labor specialization.11. Upward sloping trend cutting through the cycle traces the economys output public presentation over the course of a business cycle, metric either from recession to recession or from prosperity to prosperity. The upward sloping character of the trend line signifies economic gr owth.12. Every economy, whatever its level of interior(a) income, includes people earning different incomes. Knowing someones absolute income tells us little about that souls income status.13. Consumption spending is rooted in Status. High income people not only consume more goods and services than others, but also set consumption standards for everyone else.14. Aggregate supply is the total supply of goods and services that all firms in the national economy are willing to offer at vary price levels. Aggregate demand is the total quantity demanded of these goods and services by households, firms, foreigners, and government at those vary price levels. Macroequilibrium is try when aggregate supply equals aggregate demand.15. Consumption spending has tended to be more steadfast than investment spending in the past. MPC can be counted on to remain pretty much unchanged. supreme consumption is hardly likely to change. Investment spending is considered volatile. Economists identify changes in aggregate expenditure as the key to understanding why national income changes. Changes in investment have highly magnified do on national income. The income by which income changes as a result of a change in aggregate expenditure is called income multiplier.16. The economys output or gross domestic product is the total value, measured in current market prices, of all final goods and services produced in the economy during a abandoned year.17. One solution is to combine wage and price controls with a Keynesian style job creating policy. stabilization policy is one option.18. Four principle factors contributing to a nations economic growth, the size of the labor force, the degree of labor specialization, or the division of labor, the size of its capital stock and the level of its technology. Savings automatically converts to investment so that investment induced growth is dependent on savings.19. Demand deposits are only half of a banks business. Loans are the other. T he bank makes a profit only on the loans it provides, not on it deposits. Borrowers benefit from inflation where lenders, where as lenders lose money.20. Through the circular fall down model, how the economys resources, money, goods and services flow between households and firms through resource and product market.21. Economies with negative balances on current account will kick downstairs their exchange rate falling. And unless these rates are propped up by government intervention, they will fall to ascendent the currency outflows exist the exchange rate will keep falling. Eventually the rate will reach the level appropriate to a zero balance on current account. It takes only time. He would take we were habitual borrows.22. They are the what is and what it should be23. Nothing because the infrastructure is what an economys ability for development depends upon. such(prenominal) as with education to educate people involves not only the task of acquiring compliance but the funds n eeded to build the school and staff them.